The Red Fort or Lal Qila is a historic fort in Delhi in India that served as the main residence of the Mughal Emperors. Emperor Shah Jahan commissioned construction of the Red Fort on 12 May 1638, when he decided to shift his capital from Agra to Delhi (named Shahjahanabad). The fort's name comes from its massive red sandstone walls.


The Red Fort served as the primary residence for Mughal emperors for nearly 200 years. On 15 August 1947, the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, raised the Indian flag above the Lahori Gate. Every year on India's Independence Day (15 August), the Prime Minister hoists the Indian tricolour flag at the fort's main gate and delivers a nationally broadcast speech from its ramparts. Not many know that the Red Fort also houses several military barracks raised by the British.


The fort's design exemplifies the height of Mughal architectural creativity, incorporating elements from Persian, Timurid, and Hindu styles. Key structures within the complex include the main entrances, Lahori Gate and Delhi Gate, and important halls like the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience) and Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience). The Nahr-i-Behisht (Stream of Paradise) is a notable water channel connecting the royal apartments, which include the Mumtaz Mahal and Rang Mahal. The complex also houses the Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque).


Located on Netaji Subhash Marg in Chandni Chowk, Old Delhi, the Red Fort is typically open from 9:30 AM to 4:30 PM and closed on Mondays. It's advisable to confirm opening hours before visiting. There is an entrance fee, though children under 15 can enter for free. The fort is accessible via Delhi Metro (Lal Quila station), DTC buses, or the Hop On Hop Off sightseeing bus service. The best time to visit is during the winter months (November to February) to avoid the heat. Visitors can explore the historical buildings, visit museums, and attend the sound and light show detailing the fort's history.


Interestingly, Ustad Ahmad Lahori, the Red Fort's architect, is believed to have also designed the Taj Mahal.

The fort's original name was Qila-i-Mubarak, meaning "Blessed Fort".

The renowned Kohinoor diamond was once part of the Red Fort's treasures.

Additionally, there is a small watergate providing access to the Yamuna River.

Recognizing its importance, the Red Fort Complex was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2007, acknowledging its historical, architectural, and cultural value.

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Humayun's Tomb |  Jantar Mantar, New Delhi |  Qutb Minar |  Red Fort